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1.
Medwave ; 22(11): e2570, 30-12-2022.
Article in English, Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1411964

ABSTRACT

Introduction Maternal sensitivity and mentalization are fundamental for children's mental health development. These skills have been negatively associated with maternal postpartum depressive symptomatology. Moreover, its prevalence increases in low socioeconomic and psychosocial risk contexts, where the access to treatment is scarce. Even though Attachment Based Interventios, such as Video-Feedback has been internationally recognized as an effective intervention. Its cost, as well as the need for language translation and cultural adaptation makes it difficult to implement in Latinamerican countries. Aim The present study aims to assess the feasibility and acceptability of an online Video-Feedback intervention informed n mentalization aimed at mother-infant dyads with depressive symptomatology who attend Chilean public health centers. Method This is a pilot randomized clinical trial with two groups of 60 mother-infant dyads between 4 and 12 months of age. Participants will be randomly assigned to control and experimental groups in a 1:1 ratio. Even though both groups will receive usual treatment, the experimental group will also receive the present video-intervention. At the end of the study, feasibility will be assessed based on focus groups aimed at interveners and quantitative outcomes such as recruitment rate, questionnaire completion rate and intervention completeness. Acceptability will be assessed from in-depth interviews with participants. In addition, effect sizes of primary and secondary outcomes will be calculated. Expected results Results are expected to generate parameters to design a larger-scale clinical trial and to preliminary assess the effect of the reported mentalization-informed intervention on maternal sensitivity. Additionally, it seeks to contribute with a mental health intervention for low-income mother-infant dyads, which can be implemented remotely, at a low cost, and that would be suitable for implementation at a mental health care system policy. The protocol of this trial's design was registered at Clinical Trials (NCT04748731).


Introducción La sensibilidad y la mentalización materna constituyen competencias fundamentales para el desarrollo de la salud mental infantil. A su vez, dichas habilidades han sido negativamente asociadas con la presencia de sintomatología depresiva postparto, la cual aumenta su prevalencia en contextos de bajo nivel socioeconómico y riesgo psicosocial, en donde el acceso a tratamiento escasea. Paralelamente, si bien internacionalmente el video-retroalimentación constituye una herramienta efectiva en intervenciones basadas en el apego, el costo, idioma y necesidad de adaptación cultural dificultan su implementación en países latinoamericanos. Objetivo Evaluar la factibilidad y aceptabilidad de una video-intervención informada por la mentalización, dirigida a díadas madre-bebé con sintomatología depresiva, atendidas en centros públicos de atención en salud mental en Chile. Métodos Ensayo clínico aleatorio piloto con dos grupos de 60 díadas madre-bebé de entre 4 y 12 meses de edad, quienes serán asignados aleatoriamente a grupos control y experimental en una proporción de 1:1. Si bien ambos grupos recibirán el tratamiento habitual, el grupo experimental recibirá también la video-intervención. Al término del estudio se evaluará la factibilidad a partir de grupos focales dirigidos a interventores e indicadores de resultados cuantitativos tales como tasa de reclutamiento, de completación de cuestionarios y finalización de la intervención. La aceptabilidad se evaluará a partir de entrevistas en profundidad a las participantes. Adicionalmente se calculará tamaño del efecto de indicadores de resultados primarios y secundarios. Resultados esperados Se espera que los resultados del estudio generen parámetros para diseñar un ensayo clínico de mayor escala y evaluar preliminarmente el efecto de la intervención informada en la mentalización en la sensibilidad materna. Se busca además contribuir con una intervención en salud mental basada en la teoría del apego dirigida a díadas madre-bebé de bajos ingresos, que pueda ser implementada de manera remota, a bajo costo y apta para ser escalada a los sistemas de atención en salud mental.

2.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 87(3): 162-168, jun. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-787098

ABSTRACT

Introducción Entre los adultos jóvenes el uso de alcohol es frecuente. Este consumo puede afectar negativamente a los menores que conviven con ellos, lo que constituye el objetivo de este estudio, que forma parte de un estudio colaborativo internacional financiado por Thai Health y la OMS. Sujetos y método Se describen los efectos negativos en niños, mediante un muestreo multietápico, aplicando una entrevista adaptada por los coinvestigadores a 1.500 chilenos de más de 18 años. Resultados Un total de 408 encuestados (27,2%) convivían con niños en el hogar. De ese total, el 10,5% estimó que el uso de alcohol de algún miembro de la familia había afectado negativamente a un niño. Los efectos más comunes fueron la violencia verbal (29,7%), presenciar violencia en el hogar (23,1%), ausencia de supervisión (18,7%), falta de dinero para proveer necesidades básicas (14,3%) y violencia física (7,7%). Casi en la mitad de los casos (46,3%) el bebedor era el padre o la madre, el padrastro/madrastra, o la pareja de la madre/padre, luego venían otros parientes (24,4%), un hermano/a del niño (4,9%) o un tutor del niño (2,4%). Conclusión Estos datos corroboran la observación clínica de que el consumo de alcohol es frecuente en los hogares. El consumo excesivo daña la salud física y mental no solo del bebedor sino también de quienes lo rodean. La violencia verbal y ser testigo de violencia grave en el hogar son frecuentes, así como los problemas económicos al no poder proveer sus necesidades básicas.


Introduction Alcohol is widely used among young families, and leisure time is frequently family time. Heavy alcohol consumption can adversely affect children. The objective of this work is to measure the harm to others in Chile. Subjects and method This descriptive and probabilistic study forms part of a collaborative research funded by Thai Health and WHO. The survey was adapted by co-researchers and applied to a nationally representative sample of 1500 Chileans over 18 years of age. Results A total of 408 respondents (27.2%) lived with children at home. Of this total, 10.5% felt that the use of alcohol by any member of the family had adversely affected a child. The most common adverse effects were verbal violence (29.7%), domestic violence (23.1%), unsupervised homes (18.7%), lack of money to provide basic needs of the child (14.3%), and physical violence (7.7%). Furthermore, in 6.6% of the cases child or family services agencies became involved. In almost half of the cases (46.3%), the drinker was the father, mother or step-parents. This was followed by other relatives (24.4%) and brothers (4.9%), or guardian of the child (2.4%). Conclusion These data support the clinical observation that alcohol is common in Chilean homes. Its consumption not only damages the physical and mental health of the drinker but also those around him. Verbal violence and witnessing serious physical violence are frequent issues, as well as economic problems that end up with the inability to provide the child with its basic needs.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Violence/statistics & numerical data , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Alcohol-Related Disorders/epidemiology , Family Relations , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Chile/epidemiology , Family Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 143(10): 1242-1251, oct. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-771707

ABSTRACT

Background: Alcohol can harm both drinkers and their human environment. Most of research in Chile has focused on the drinker. This work focuses on the damage to others. Governmental expenditures due to drinking are estimated to quadruple the income earned through taxation. Aim: To report the results of a population survey conducted in Chile in 2013 to assess the harm done to others from drinking by a known or unknown drinker. Material and Methods: A household survey of a sample of 1500 subjects living in urban areas, predominantly over 50.000 inhabitants, was conducted by trained interviewers. Results: A significant number of respondents reported that the effect of alcohol consumption by third parties was somewhat (18.7%) or very negative (14.8%). The most frequent negative effects were verbal abuse (37.4%), being bullied (17.4%), feeling fearful at home or in a private meeting (19.6%) and family problems (16.9%). Conclusions: About one third of Chileans surveyed have suffered negative effects due to alcohol consumption of a known or unknown drinker. This finding signals the need of designing public policies addressed to minimize or prevent collateral effects of drinking.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Family Relations , Interpersonal Relations , Social Behavior Disorders/epidemiology , Social Problems , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Chile/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Social Behavior Disorders/etiology , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
Summa psicol. UST ; 12(2): 63-74, 2015. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-908541

ABSTRACT

La depresión perinatal constituye un trastorno del ánimo de alta frecuencia, que afecta negativamente a la madre y al bebé, y requiere una intervención dirigida a ambos miembros de esta díada. Esta investigación evalúa la aplicabilidad y resultados de una intervención piloto dirigida a fortalecer el vínculo y a reducir la depresión en díadas con esta problemática. Se estudian tres díadas madre-hijo/a, con sintomatología depresiva materna y se desarrolla una intervención psicoterapéutica breve utilizando el modelo de Interacciones Guiadas. Los resultados muestran una reducción en la sintomatología depresiva y un aumento en sensibilidad materna, cooperatividad infantil y calidad vincular. La intervención realizada resulta eficaz en las variables estudiadas, requiriéndose nuevas aplicaciones en muestras de mayor tamaño para confirmar estos hallazgos.


Perinatal depression is a high frequency mood disorder which negatively affects mother and baby, and requires an intervention addressing both members of the dyad. This paper evaluates the applicability and results of a pilot intervention to strengthen this bond and reduce depression in dyads with this problem. Three mother-child dyads, with maternal depressive symptoms and a brief psychotherapeutic intervention using the model of Guided Interactions were studied. The results showed a reduction in depressive symptoms and an increase in maternal sensitivity, child cooperativeness and relationship quality. The intervention turned out to be effective in the variables under study. Nevertheless, new applications over larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Depression, Postpartum/psychology , Depression, Postpartum/therapy , Mother-Child Relations/psychology , Psychotherapy, Brief/methods , Object Attachment , Pilot Projects
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